The model calculates current densityfield distribution in a superconducting wire in the presence of a timedependent transport current, background field or combination thereof. Because it has a different geometry than most other. This creates circular variable dependency, and thus cannot be modeled as easily as id like. Abrahamsen 3 1 2 3 presented at the comsol conference 2009 milan motivation phd project. Simulation setup for modeling the thermal, electric, and. The current density in a superconductor, j s,isexpressedinterms of the difference between the vector potential of the actual. Tdgl has successfully applied to this problem decades ago and most recently, the visibility of solutions has been enhanced by engaging comsol s power. May comsol multiphysics 3 enhancing transmission line performance. Submit a plot similar to figure 52 in the documentation. Lets see how the flexibility and functionality of the comsol multiphysics software helped them to simulate this complex design. Modelling superconducting wires in comsol multphysics. Because the direction of poling imparts anisotropy to the material response, it is critical.
Modeling superconductivity in a ybco wire comsol blog. The magnetic field, b, exists within and outside of the wire. Within the wire, it increases linearly outwards from the centerline, and outside of the wire it falls off as 1r, where r is the radius. Simulation of electrothermal transients in superconducting accelerator magnets with comsol multiphysics lorenzo bortot1, marco prioli1, arjan verweij1, bernhard auchmann 1, michal maciejewski1,2 1. In addition to using multiphysics modeling for your own projects, you can also turn your models into simulation applications and.
Simulation setup for modeling the thermal, electric, and magnetic. Dc characterization of a circular, epoxy impregnated high. Presented results were obtained with assuming 10 um thick superconducting layer and 370 a of tapes critical current. Mtc superconducting wire mgb2 htc superconducting wire bismuth tape ybc engineering current density j eng j commercial. The wet surface feature is used to implement the source term for the water vapor and to. Ami superconducting magnets are typically wound using conductors comprised of many filaments of a superconducting material embedded in a copper matrix and twisted along its axis to insure optimum performance of the superconductor. Magnetic flux penetration and ac loss in a composite superconducting wire with ferromagnetic parts. Nonlinear, temperature dependent electrical and thermal parameters are assumed. Comsol access is a service we provide to our users and prospects. The entire geometry of the superconducting wire model. Their purpose is to assist you in learning, by example, how to model sophisticated electromagnetic components. More in depth and advanced topics included with this tutorial are used to show you. Following the steps given in the documentation of the comsol heat conduction in a slab tutorial see next page. Modeling superconductivity in a ybco wire comsol multiphysics.
The tutorial, scheduled for distribution this year, is intended for undergraduate junior or senior level science students, and portions will also be. To model such a material, this example uses the magnetic field formulation physics interface. This manual gives you an introduction to modeling in femlab by taking you through the basic steps of the modeling process, from generating the geometry to postprocessing. How can i simulate a superconducting transition in comsol. Simulation of ac loss in high temperature superconducting. Solved with comsol multiphysics 43a 2012 comsol 1 superconducting wire superconducting wire current can flow in a superconducting wire with practically zero resistance, although factors including temperature, current density, and magnetic field can limit this phenomenon this model solves a timedependent problem of a current building up in a superconducting wire close. Electric field of a charged sphere, brice williams, wim geerts, summer 20, 4 so summarizing, the above shows that the spatial distribution of the electric field given by a solution of poissons or laplaces equations correspond to a state of minimum field energy integrated over the systems volume. Tutorial for running comsol files from comsol website step 1. Magnetic cloak is a special kind of magnetic shield, and the shielding effect itself is mostly given by superconducting part. In superconductor science and technology, 2009, vol.
The set of tdgl equations for superconductors with finite gap was used in full. Various configurations of split pair and multiaxis designs are possible through the use of multiple solenoids in series or operated independently to affect the magnetic forces on a. Vortex dynamics in type ii superconductors dachuan lu kuang yaming honors school, nanjing university. Well use the magnetic field formulation interface available in comsol multiphysics to simulate changes in current density and magnetic flux over time, which is measured from the moment that current begins flowing through the wire. The application gallery features comsol multiphysics. Physics procedia 36 2012 1195 a 1205 18753892 2012 published by elsevier b.
You can also learn more about modeling cable systems by watching this archived webinar. Superconductivity by joe khachan and stephen bosi the discovery of superconductors the phenomenon of superconductivity, in which the electrical resistance of certain materials completely vanishes at low temperatures, is one of the most interesting and sophisticated in condensed matter physics. Material property change rapidly with respect to temperature and magnetic field. The bscco bulk materials is a good option for low dc magnetic field, however, for ac applications. Panjiva uses over 30 international data sources to help you find qualified vendors of superconducting wire.
For more information on how to work with the comsol multiphysics. Hysteresis losses in a twisted filamentary superconducting wire are calculated for various cases corresponding to complete penetration of the magnetic field into the wire, shielding of the field. If you do not yet have a comsol access account, please create one now. Building an electrothermal model of a superconducting magnet. This tutorial shows how to model the acoustic waves generated in air by a hollow spherical piezoelectric material. To model such a material, this example uses the magnetic field formulation physics interface the model was based on a suggestion by dr. The implementation in the commercially available fem software comsol is. It also provides you with a list of resources for more indepth technical information. Currentvoltage characteristic and the ac losses of the coil were measured and compared with.
Comsol multiphysics and its gui but would like to learn more about how to set up a certain model. Superconducting wire also known as superconducting strand is the basic element of the. The text above is not a piece of advice to remove comsol multiphysics 5. The available the available study types are listed in table 11 with column definitions after the table. The most basic of superconducting magnets is a simple solenoid in which a wire form of superconducting material is wound around a coil form. This page only contains detailed info on how to remove comsol multiphysics 5. Finiteelement simulations of hysteretic alternating.
Electric field of a charged sphere texas state university. An adiabatic model has been constructed, to solve one of the five boundary value problems involved in the quench, both in ansys and in comsol. The geometry of coil created in comsol using acdc module is shown in fig. Comsol is the developer of comsol multiphysics software, an interactive environment for modeling and simulating scientific and engineering problems. A third book, the acdc module reference guide, contains reference material about application mode implementations and commandline programming. The wire is at the center, while the outer domain is air. So, to compute the magnetic field and the magnetic energy distributions we build a model based on maxwells equations, in this case amperes law. Hi, i was trying to model a tape of superconducting material. Ac losses in coated conductors institute of physics. In this paper simulation of the alternating current loss ac loss in a high temperature superconducting tape and a hts cable having 4 layers of polygon conductors using comsol multiphysics software has been reported. To put it more into perceptive it has a width and height.
Replacing bulk superconductors by the multilayer cc tape. Can any one help me in modelling superconducting wires in comsol. Finiteelement simulations of hysteretic alternating current losses in a magnetically coated superconducting tubular wire subject to an oscillating transverse magnetic field. Comparison of the ac losses of bscco and ybco conductors by means of. Figure 3e shows the nbti type superconducting strand where tiny 7 m nbti filaments are bundled together in a number of hexagons and embedded in a copper matrix 1.
Modeling of high temperature superconducting tapes, arrays and. Superconducting wire also known as superconducting strand is the basic element of the superconducting magnet coils. The effects that need to be taken into account are heat transfer, transport of water vapor, and fluid flow. Geometry of this study is created in 2d axisymmetric space dimension. Photograph of an example of a superconducting wire commonly used in magnets. The new point matrix evaluation feature, a subnode to the derived values feature, makes it possible to evaluate a vector, matrix, or tensor in one or more points. Computation of superconducting wind turbine generators. Introduction to comsol multiphysics 19982012 comsol. Comsol multiphysics is a simulation platform that encompasses all of the steps in the modeling workflow from defining geometries, material properties, and the physics that describe specific phenomena to solving and postprocessing models for producing accurate and trustworthy results.
Fast 2d simulation of superconductors comsol multiphysics. This feature, for example, enables the convenient display of tensor quantities at a point, which is particularly useful for modeling piezoelectric devices. In the present work, a benchmark on the 3d numerical modeling of a superconducting bulk is introduced. A summary of the tutorial series can be found in this blog post. Numerical modelling of quench behaviour in superconducting.
Superconductor science and technology 2008 volume 21, number 10. Durrell, and jin zou, student member, ieee abstractdirect current dc characterization of high temperature superconducting hts coils is important for hts. Comsol multiphysics software understand, predict, and optimize. The simulation results for the single rectangular tape are verified with the norris equation for a hts tape. How to choose the superconducting material law for the. The model calculates the penetration of the magnetic field in the crosssection of a superconducting wire in the critical state subjected to a transverse magnetic field. Set up the model environment in comsol multiphysics 18. Computing the inductance of a straight wire comsol blog. To access any comsol files, you need to have a comsol account which can be created for free. Mt241pobj08 1 dc characterization of a circular, epoxyimpregnated high temperature superconducting hts coil di hu, student member, ieee, mark d. I have been performing some simulations in comsol using a cube 0. A superconducting wire like those often used in magnets. For more information on how to work with the comsol multiphysics graphical user interface, please refer to the comsol multiphysics users guide or the. Open chapter and click on comsol tab present in the bottom of the page step 2.
This tutorial shows how to couple three physics interfaces to model evaporative cooling. A multimedia cdrom tutorial on the physics and engineering concepts of superconducting magnets for particle accelerators is being developed under a u. The primary goal of the thesis is to build a 1d numerical model representing a superconducting wire based on existing physical models. Magnetization of superconducting tube computed in 3d. Simulation of ac loss in high temperature superconducting cable. Using simulation to optimize design the design of highvoltage transmission lines involves optimization under a complex series of economic, electrical, mechanical, and environmental constraints. The coil was wound from a bi2223ag superconducting wire and it was tested in liquid nitrogen at 77 k. Jan 16, 2015 watch this tutorial video to discover how using the model wizard simplifies setting up a comsol multiphysics model. First i performed a frequency domain study frequency. Basics of superconducting magnets cryomagnetics, inc.
Pdf simulation setup for modeling the thermal, electric. Capacitive sensor design using comsol provides the user with a wide variety of tools. Manufacturers of superconducting wire and suppliers. Included is a walkthrough on how to select the spatial dimension, physics, and. Click on comsol access present at the bottom of the page. May 06, 2014 well use the magnetic field formulation interface available in comsol multiphysics to simulate changes in current density and magnetic flux over time, which is measured from the moment that current begins flowing through the wire. The problem is t ackled by five independent teams using six different numerical models. In an attempt to unveil the impact of the material law selection on the numerical modelling and analysis of the electromagnetic properties of superconducting coils, in this paper we compare the four most common approaches to the ej power laws that serve as a modelling tool for the conductivity properties of the second generation of hightemperature superconducting 2ghts tapes. Tutorial for running comsol files from comsol website. When modeling a superconducting magnet, one of the challenges is accounting for the number of half turns.
Florida state university, tallahassee, fl continuous fields dc, resistive magnet up to 45 tesla university of florida, gainesville, fl continuous fields up to 21 t combined with some of the lowest. Comsol lep tutorial for tank flow system two cstr in series step 1. We took into account interference with normal and superfluid motions. Pulsed magnetic fields up to 100 tesla, single turn up to.
Introduction 5 introduction the acdc module is used by engineers and scientists to understand, predict, and design electric and magnetic fields in statics and lowfrequency applications. The quench propagation is modelled with the sequential coupled electric thermal analysis resulting in. Title of thesis quench simulation of superconducting magnets with commercial multiphysics software. With comsol, it is also possible to observe the effects of temperature on the capacitance value. A superconducting wire with ratchet defects is designed to pump the vortices move in a speci c.
Superconducting materials have zero resistivity up to a certain critical current density, above which the resistivity increases rapidly. Comsol multiphysics is a generalpurpose simulation software for modeling designs, devices, and processes in all fields of engineering, manufacturing, and scientific research. When i wind it into a magnet, it is more like a disk coil, or racetrack coil. Electrical insulation is provided by the insulation on the wire and by the epoxy between each turn. The user can simulate a design, test for the capacitance and observe the effects on capacitance by changing parameters such as dielectric permittivity of materials.
Analysis of quench propagation using coupled electrical. The model calculates current densityfield distribution in a superconducting wire in the. Integgq fral equations for the current densit y in thin conductors and their solution b yy f the finiteelement method. Comsol lep tutorial for tank flow system two cstr in series. Superconducting magnets components show highly nonlinear behaviour during a quench loss of superconductivity. Simulation setup for modeling the thermal, electric, and magnetic behavior of high temperature superconductors.